"I am talking about the weird idea I had that when you enter into a contract with someone, then break it, there are penalties..."
Under no-fault divorce, you are not legally obligated to stay in a marriage and there is no penalty, per se, to be paid for leaving.
No fault divorce came about for good reason (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No-Fault_divorce#United_States_history). I doubt anyone would seriously want to consider going back.